Independent page index
Core principles of Mencius
Each topic is an independent page with a definition, first principle, practice path, common questions, and source reference.
Human nature is good: the starting point of moral growth
Mencius does not claim that people are already perfect. He claims that moral beginnings are already present and can be cultivated.
Mencius 2A6 and 6AFour beginningsThe four beginnings: the smallest visible units of virtue
The four beginnings make virtue observable: compassion, shame, deference, and moral discernment.
Mencius 2A6Humane governmentHumane government: political order begins with livelihood
Humane government is not sentimental decoration. It rebuilds legitimacy from livelihood, trust, and education.
Mencius 1A7 and 7B14Flood-like qiFlood-like qi: moral courage formed by repeated right action
Flood-like qi is not emotional excitement. It is steady moral force cultivated by acting in accord with what is right.
Mencius 2A2